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- 2026-03-19 01:38:07
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- Hanmi Science commenced development of oral COVID-19 vaccine
- by Jun 17, 2020 06:21am
- Hanmi Science, a holding company of Hanmi Pharm Group, is developing 'COVID-19 vaccine for oral use'. In addition, a research center of ₩300 billion is established in Pohang, and an unprecedented personnel system, such as a 100% increase in salary for outstanding talent, is introduced. Hanmi Science unveiled 'The Six Visions for the Post COVID-19 Era' on the 15th According to the company, the six visions imply 'education','digital','oral','city','green', and 'ocean'. Each item contains ▲Cyber Education ▲Green Bio ▲Oral Bio ▲City Bio ▲Green Bio ▲Marine Bio. It was named 'Cydio Cigma' after the two letters in front of the English letter. The conditions were unprecedented for executives who presented concrete results for the six visions. CEO Jong-Yoon Lim emphasized, "It will destroy the HR system of the existing salary system by raising 100% of annual salary and giving the rank to talented people who perform well in the six vision projects." Specifically, the group plans to establish K-Bio and K-Med Graduate Schools for the 'Cyber Education' project and attract over 5,000 foreign experts. Hanmi Science decided to cooperate with Gyeongsangbuk-do, Pohang-si and Postech to develop new drugs and foster experts in the biotechnology field, human exchange, joint research and technical information exchange, and joint use of research facilities. For the'City Bio' project, a memorandum of understanding was signed on the 15th to build a smart healthcare infrastructure by spending ₩300 billion in Pohang, Gyeongbuk. By 2030, it plans to build a smart healthcare clinical center, a bio open innovation research and development center, and a prototype production facility in 51,846㎡ of the Pohang Free Economic Zone. The'Oral Bio' project is a new oral coronavirus infection (corona19) vaccine research. Applying Hanmi’s Orascovery technology, the company will develop a non-injection vaccine 'Covid MDT'. It is currently preclinical. In addition, Hanmi Science decided to start marine microbiology research (Marine Bio) using Pohang's original 4th generation accelerator. The goal is to uncover the underlying biological mechanisms, such as genomic studies before and after evolution, understanding of inter-microbial ecosystems including viruses, and the origin of human cell function through marine bioresearch. Plant biotechnology will also be applied to expand external appearance. Hanmi Science has promised global joint development and marketing of bio-based venture companies and plant-based bio products called 'green vaccines'. The two companies have decided to establish a joint venture for overseas sales of the world's first plant-based swine fever marker vaccine product commercialized by BioApp. In the near future, a joint venture will be established and product registration will begin in China. In particular, the two companies plan to jointly develop green vaccines against various diseases including COVID-19. Recently, Hanmi signed a technology transfer contract with a professor of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences for a new drug candidate related to metabolic disease, and started developing a new green drug.
- Company
- Takeda's partners relieved their worries
- by An, Kyung-Jin Jun 17, 2020 06:20am
- Domestic partner companies are nervous as Takeda officially sells its business units. As Celltrion decided to maintain a co-sales contract for 18 items that take over copyrights, immediate changes were avoided, but it may be difficult to maintain copyrights after changing partners. According to the industry on the 15th, Celltrion is expected to maintain joint sales cooperation with domestic partners for the time being even after Takeda's acquisition of the Primary Care Division (PC BU) in Asia Pacific. Celltrion has agreed to take over all rights, including patents, trademarks, licenses, and sales rights from 18 brands, including Rx drugs and over-the-counter drugs, from Takeda, and to take over the rights to co-promotion (co-sales). The 18 types that Celltrion will take over are 12 Rx items including 'Nesina', ‘Actos', ' Edarbi', ' Madipine', 'Basen', 'Ubretid', 'Condilin', 'Gutron', 'Zafatek’, ‘Blopress’, ‘Rozerem’, and ‘ Doribax’ and 6 OTC such as ‘Whituben’, ‘Whituben Nasal spray’, ‘Albothyl’, ‘Majesto’, ‘Nebramine’, and ‘Calcichew’ In Korean subsidiaries, five specialized medicines such as 'Nesina', 'Actos', 'Bason', 'Edarbi', and 'Madipine' in distribution in Korea and OTC items such as ‘Whituben’, ‘Whituben Nasal spray’, ‘Albothyl’, are included in the scope of this contract. All are products that are entangled in a co-promotional relationship with other domestic companies such as Jeil Pharm, Dong-A ST, Green Cross, andHK Inno.N in the domestic distribution and sales process. (Clockwise from top left) Actos, Nesina, Edarbi, Whituben & Madipine Jeil Pharm is in charge of sales for 'Nesina', the diabetes treatment drug with the largest sales. The two companies have maintained a cooperative relationship for 7 years since they were renewed once after the first contract in 2013. 'Nesina' product line, such as 'Nesina', a single drug of the DPP-4 inhibitor, 'Nesina act', and 'Nesinamet', is a large-scale product that combines outpatient prescriptions of ₩35.1 billion based on UBIST last year. Dong-A ST has been jointly selling ARB-based hypertension treatment 'Edarbi' and 'Edarbyclor' as a combination drug since August 2017. Outpatient prescriptions amount for 'Idalbi' and 'Idalbiclo' last year were ₩8.8 billion. Green Cross is in charge of domestic sales and distribution of 'Whituben', a cold medicine, which is highly recognized among consumers, and 'Albothyl', a canker sore treatment. In the case of 'Bason' for diabetes treatment and 'Madipine' for hypertension treatment, the outpatient prescription amount was ₩4 billion and ₩2 billion, respectively, as of last year. It is somewhat complicated. For these partners, they have no choice but to pay attention to the news of the drug sale. In fact, since the sale of the Takeda Pharmaceuticals PC division in Korea in the second half of last year, the inquiries from partners to confirm its authenticity have been reported. After Celltrion's merger and acquisition (M&A) contract, the partners were tense, saying that Takeda retained the existing contract relationship. The immediate change to the copyright agreement was avoided. However, it may be difficult to re-contract after the contract expires. In the pharmaceutical industry, there are also cases where the co-promotional contract relationship, which usually takes place every 5 years, ends prematurely. An official from Celltrion said, “For 18 items, Takeda will also take over all the rights related to co-promotion. After the contract expires, they will decide whether to re-contract by reviewing the use of marketing organization.” An official from a partner company in Korea said, "We received a notice that even a co-promotional contract is included in the M&A terms, and since the terms and conditions of the contract are all the same, there will be no immediate impact, but we believe that the long-term changes will have to be watched." Another domestic partner said, "It is difficult to judge the specific impact right away because the specific conditions between the contracting parties are unknown. The situation is carefully monitored until the acquisition procedure is completed."
- Company
- Korean drug trade in May makes first surplus amid COVID-19
- by Kim, Jin-Gu Jun 16, 2020 06:20am
- In May, the Korean pharmaceutical export volume has hit the historic high. It also was the first month to make pharmaceutical trade surplus in Korea. Europe, where the COVID-19 started spreading later than in Korea, had a sharp surge of demand on essential drug that boosted the drug trade in Korea. ◆New historic high trade volume in two months, topping 700 billion won in a month According to the Korea Customs Service (KCS) trade statistics published on June 16, Korean-made pharmaceuticals generated USD 589.47 million (716.2 billion won) in May alone. Compared to May 2019 (265.49 dollars), the figure multiplied by 2.2 times. The data only accounted for pharmaceutical export volume, excluding the COVID-19 testing kit export. Even against April 2020 (470.44 million dollars), the May export volume increased by 25.3 percent. The record high monthly export volume reached in March 2020 (537.39 million dollars) was outdone in only two months. The total pharmaceutical import volume in May reached 548.02 million dollars (approximately 665.8 billion won). As the export volume exceeded the import volume, Korea had its first pharmaceutical trade surplus of 41.46 million dollars (approximately 50.4 billion won). Monthly pharmaceutical export volume in May 2020 reached another record high in two months (Unit: USD 1,000) Source: Korea Customs Service Korea’s pharmaceutical trade has never made surplus since 2000. The yearly trade deficit marked 324.76 million dollars in 2000 and reached 1.21 billion dollars, 2.45 billion dollars and 2.63 billion dollar in 2005, 2010 and 2015, respectively. Korea made trade deficit of 2.98 billion dollars last year. Korea has made first pharmaceutical trade surplus in May 2020 (Unit: USD 1,000) Source: Korea Customs Service The good news in the Korean pharmaceutical industry contrasts with other general industries struggling in trade. In May, the overall export volume in Korea marked 34.9 billion dollars, dipping sharply by 24 percent against last year same month and by 4 percent against last April. ◆Ildong, Daewon and Hana urgently export essential drugs to Europe in distress Some analyze the COVID-19 pandemic has taken a rather positively effect on Korean drug manufacturing and export. The U.S. and Europe have experienced pharmaceutical shortage due to the pandemic continuing on, and Korean pharmaceutical companies have been swiftly answering those countries requesting for drug supplies. In fact, Ildong Pharmaceutical announced on May 13 that an infection treating Cycin injection was exported to Luxembourg. Daewon Pharmaceutical urgently exported intravenous anesthetic Freepol-MCT injection (propofol), Hana Pharm exported muscle relaxant Atra injection, heart stimulant Hana Dobutamine HCl injection, and anesthesia Vascam injection in April and May. Although not included in May statistics, Bukwang Pharm has exported midazolam injection to France on May 6 as emergency drugs. The industry experts also evaluate supply setback from China and India has also affected the increase in Korean pharmaceutical export. First, the Chinese pharmaceutical supply was impeded, and India banned export of some domestically made drugs. Eventually, other countries turned to Korea for drug supplies. Reviewing the export volume by countries in May, the Korean drug export volumes to Germany, Spain, Italy and France have gone up rapidly. The export volume to Germany reached 177.52 million dollars, showing 429 percent increase from last year same time. The export volumes to Italy (867 percent), France (353 percent) and Spain (163 percent) have also soared. Moreover, the export volume to the U.S. has increased by 587 percent. An official from the Korean company that urgently exported drugs to Luxembourg noted, “The use of essential drug in other countries centering Europe has skyrocketed amid COVID-19 pandemic. European-made drug supplies are insufficient to meet their demand,” and “besides Luxembourg, the company is currently in talks with other countries like Sweden and Israel for their emergency request for pharmaceutical supply exports.”
- Company
- Antidiabetic Suganon readies clinical trial for CAVD
- by Nho, Byung Chul Jun 16, 2020 06:20am
- Diabetes treatment Suganon (evogliptin) has started a clinical trial to receive an indication to treat calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD). In North America, the number of CAVD patients is projected at 1.50 million to 11.5 million (prevalence rate ranging from 2.5 percent to 25 percent in age group over 65), and the related prosthetic valve replacement market is projected at 15 trillion won. For the disease, no other synthetic or biologic treatment options are available, yet. The pharmaceutical industry sources reported RedNVIA has been preparing for a global clinical trial from last year to confirm repurposed evogliptin’s effect in patients with CAVD. RedNVIA has licensed out evogliptin from Dong-A ST in 2019 to develop and market a CAVD treatment. In June 2019, the Korean government approved of the company’s Phase II Investigational New Drug (IND) application with a protocol to test 225 CAVD patients in Korea. And in last month, the company completed the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Pre-IND application procedure, and plans to initiate Phase II and III global clinical trial from the third quarter when the IND application is approved. Drug repurposing is finding a new indication by redeveloping an already-commercialized drug with an initial indication or reevaluating a drug not recognized as a novel drug due to insufficient clinical efficacy. The clinical trial in preparation aims to repurpose Suganon to seek new treatment mechanism and indication. Unlike other novel drug development, the repurposing would reduce cost and time spent on candidate medicine exploration and safety confirmation, as well as the risk of clinical trial failure. RedNVIA conducted a retrospective study using hundreds of thousands of patient data in clinical setting to confirm treatment effect and safety of the drug. The study result statistically proved evogliptin-like dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitor is effective in treating CAVD. Cooperating with Mayo Clinic and Massachusetts General Hospital, RedNVIA constructed a clinical protocol based on ‘Seamless Adaptive Phase II/III Design’ to shorten clinical trial period and expedite commercialization. The protocol would narrow the gap between Phase II and Phase III by approximately more than ten months. In the past, global pharmaceutical company MSD has applied Seamless Adaptive Phase II/III Design on its DPP-4 inhibitor Januvia and received marketing approval earlier than the competing Novartis’ DPP-4 inhibitor Galvus, although the competitor’s development started earlier.
- Company
- Takeda to sell 18 items of diabetes & OTC to Celltrion
- by Eo, Yun-Ho Jun 16, 2020 06:19am
- The sale of some items of diabetes and OTC by Takeda was confirmed. Celltrion is the company that acquires these items. Recently, the headquarters of Takeda trademarks, for patents, trademarks, and rights to sell 18 non-core generic and OTC sold in nine countries, including Korea, Thailand, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Macau, Philippines, Singapore, Malaysia, and Australia, signed a contract to sell the rights to sales to Celltrion for ₩33.2 billion. The acquisition is through a Singapore subsidiary. The acquisition is through a Singapore subsidiary. The 18 items sold include Nesina, Actos, Edarbi, and OTC such as Whitetuben and Albothyl. The product group has generated sales of approximately $140 million as of 2018. In the industry, rumors over the sale of Takeda's items and related primary care division (PCBU) and consumer healthcare division (OTCBU) were booming, but both divisions were included. In accordance with the production and supply agreement between Takeda and Celltrion, Takeda will continue to take charge of producing assets for sale, and will supply it to Celltrion. In the future, the technology transfer process will supply the main products acquired by Celltrion Pharmaceutical's cGMP (Current Good Manufacturing Practices) facility to domestic and overseas markets. Under the terms of the agreement, Celltrion will take over the rights of the portfolio in the Asia-Pacific market through procedures such as the Fair Trade Commission. Celltrion is expected to end its business acquisition in the fourth quarter of this year after approval by local authorities, such as a business combination report. With this acquisition, Celltrion has secured the rights to patent, trademark, and sell 18 items in nine countries. Celltrion Pharmaceuticals and Celltrion Healthcare, which have sales networks in Korea, Southeast Asia, and Australia, are in charge of sales. This acquisition is also Celltrion's first major merger and acquisition (M&A). Celltrion explained that the acquisition of the chronic disease treatment market is increasing in importance, and that the company has decided to acquire it as a step toward becoming a global comprehensive pharmaceutical bio company. Celltrion said, "It is expected that Celltrion will strengthen its chemical product line with biopharmaceutical products that have maintained its global competitiveness, such as autoimmune disease treatments and anti-cancer drugs, and make it a leap forward to become a global pharmaceutical pharmaceutical company." Meanwhile, Takeda completed a deal in March to sell non-core assets in the Russia-CIS region to Stada for $660 million, and non-core assets in the Near East, Middle East and Africa were sold to Acino for $200 million. In last July, it sold Xiidra to Novartis for approximately $5.3 billion. Earlier this year, non-core assets in Latin America were $825 million for Hypera Pharma and in Europe, the sale was confirmed to the Orifarm Group for about $670 million, including two production bases located in Denmark and Poland.
- Company
- Newly approved JAK inhibitor Rinvoq to apply for reimburseme
- by Eo, Yun-Ho Jun 15, 2020 06:17am
- The fourth Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor in Korea Rinvoq is swiftly pursuing the healthcare reimbursement listing. According to the pharmaceutical industry sources, AbbVie Korea submitted the healthcare reimbursement application for Rinvoq (upadacitinib) on June 4, immediately after receiving the market approval. Considering Pfizer’s Xeljanz (tofacitinib) and Lilly’s Olumiant (baricitinib) in the same class are already listed, Rinvoq is most likely to take the pricing negotiation-exempted track by accepting the weighted average pricing for an alternative drug. The third JAK inhibitor Smyraf (peficitinib) by Astellas is also on the same track. In the setting of autoimmune disease, the interest on JAK inhibitors has been growing as a first oral option with confirmed effect equal to anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) drugs. However, the JAK inhibitors’ impact in the market has not been too prominent as other biologics. Compared to the market leader anti-TNF drug and popular anti-interleukin drugs, JAK inhibitors’ indications are limited to rheumatoid arthritis and to some disease. It also means, JAK inhibitors have potential to grow. The first-in-class Xeljanz has expanded its indication to treat ulcerative colitis and psoriatic arthritis, and other follow-on drugs have ongoing studies to expand indication in autoimmune diseases like atopic dermatitis, Crohn’s disease and ankylosing spondylitis. When Smyraf and Rinvoq are listed for reimbursement, the competition between the two pharmaceutical companies would intensify. Rinvoq has confirmed its treatment effect in 4,443 patients with severe level of active rheumatoid arthritis through five Phase III SELECT trials (SELECT-NEXT, SELECT-BEYOND, SELECT-MONOTHERAPY, SELECT-COMPARE and SELECT-EARLY). The result found using Rinvoq alone or with conventional synthetic DMARD (csCMARD) showed lower disease activity and improved remission rate, compared to using a placebo, methotrexate or Humira (adalimumab).
- Company
- Takeda Korea, announces massive ERP
- by An, Kyung-Jin Jun 15, 2020 06:16am
- The aftermath for the sale of the Takeda’s business division began. According to the industry on the 12th, Takeda Korea held a town hall meeting for all employees this morning, and had a time to share information related to the sale of the business division. This is a follow-up procedure following the formalization of a contract to sell 18 copyright of medicines sold in 9 countries in Asia Pacific, including Korea, Australia, Hong Kong, Macau, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Taiwan, and Thailand, to Celltrion. According to an internal employee who attended the Town Hall meeting, Takeda Korea officially formulated the position that it would be inevitable to operate the ERP, without the 'employment succession' of Korean subsidiaries included in the terms of the business transfer agreement. The specific ERP-related schedule, implementation scale, and conditions have not yet been confirmed. Management announced that it would notify employees of ERP-related progress in consultation with the union. This contract includes 12 kinds of specialized medicines such as 'Nesina', 'Actos' and 'Edarbi' in charge of the Primary Care Division (PC BU), and six generic drugs such as 'Whitetuben' and Albothyl in charge of the Consumer Healthcare Division (OTC BU). It is known that there are about 70 employees belonging to the two divisions. About one-third of the 210 employees of Takeda Korea are applied to ERP. "The ERP fact was formalized at the town hall meeting this morning," said an official from the KDPU Takeda Branch. ERP notices embarrassed the internal staff. After Takeda's merger and acquisition of Shire, there were rumors that it would sell PC and OTC business division in the Asia-Pacific region to reduce debts, and similar contracts were signed in other regions of the GEM BU, where Korean subsidiaries belong, but the succession of employment to most employees was guaranteed. An official from the union said, “In other countries included in this contract, such as Australia and the Philippines, employment success has been achieved. However, Korea is the only one to carry out ERP, and it is expected that a detailed discussion will be possible from now on since the company has to notify the union 50 days before the restructuring by agreement.”
- Company
- The KDPU joined the memorial against racism
- by An, Kyung-Jin Jun 15, 2020 06:16am
- A performance scene in honor of George Floyd The domestic pharmaceutical industry gathered to honor memory of George Floyd, a black man who died from the abuse of public power by the American police. On the afternoon of the 11th, Lundbeck Korea branch of the Koea Democratic Pharmaceutical Union held a memorial performance for George Floyd during a protest rally in front of the Lundbeck headquarters in Songpa-gu, Seoul. This was the union's response to the request for participation by the Uni Global Union (UNI) to commemorate George Floyd's sad death. On this day, participants of the Lundbeck Picket protest in Korea knelt down and shouted the protests, "Black Lives Matter," and "We Against Racism." UNI is an industrial group consisting of trade unions of white-collar/financial workers around the world, and has been in exchange with the KDPU since 2018. Floyd's neck was pressed against the police's knee last month in Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. Floyd was taken to the hospital, but he died. Protests against Floyd's death are spreading beyond the United States to the world. Chairman Dong-Hee Joo of the Fresenius Kabi Korea Union branch said, "We have been participating in the commemoration of George Floyd, who has unfortunately died according to the request of an international UNI organization that has exchanged for nearly two years." "We plan to continue solidarity and cooperation with international UNI organizations." The protest rally by the Lundbeck Korea union continues on the 51st day. In the process of dismissal of former union member A, the Lundbeck union is conducting picket protests during morning time and lunch breaks about the company's unfair labor practices. The union has a policy of continuing the outside struggle until there is a sincere apology from the company.
- Company
- KARS and Galderma to run first rosacea campaign in Korea
- by Eo, Yun-Ho Jun 12, 2020 06:12am
- Korean Acne and Rosacea Society (KARS) and Galderma Korea are conducting a campaign to raise awareness in early symptoms and diagnosis of rosacea. From May 6, Galderma Korea has been disseminating rosacea diagnostic checklist, developed with the board of KARS, to private dermatology clinics for the visiting patients and doctors to use. As rosacea usually relapses and needs differential diagnosis, it is crucial for patients to quickly notice the symptoms of the disease and see a specialist. However, a report by Korean Dermatological Association found most of the patients have not heard of the disease name ‘rosacea,’ and most of the survey participants did not recognized the disease to require early attention. Moreover, it is integral for the patients to receive accurate diagnosis from a dermatologist and treatment as the disease show ambiguous symptoms similar to that of acne, perioral dermatitis, seborrheic dermatitis, demodicidosis and systemic lupus erythematosus. In fact, surveying 554 patients and 710 doctors in six countries, 29 percent of patients felt even their doctors does not consider the disease to be serious, and 37 percent of them said their family and friends were not familiar with the disease. The findings showed the patients need understanding and support from doctors and surrounding people. And one third of the survey participants said rosacea has impacted their quality of life either significantly or extremely. The rosacea checklist for the patient provides information on the disease and a list of symptoms to review by themselves. Early symptoms of rosacea includes regularly expressed severe erythema in the center of face, dilated capillaries, itching, hot flush, dried skin, irritated swollen and red eyes, piercing pain and acne-like pimples. People finding these symptoms should seek for dermatologist’s attention. The checklist for doctors provides the latest rosacea treatment standard, factors worsening the disease, and early symptoms for the doctors to refer when accurately diagnosing and treating the patients. According to the latest rosacea diagnosis standard, a person with a symptom either regularly expressed severe erythema in the center of face or rhinophyma-like change in nose can be diagnosed as a patient with rosacea. President Lee Jee-bum of KARS commented, “After missing the time for early treatment, a rosacea patient is most likely to fail to recover completely. But so many of patients not recognizing or ignoring the early symptoms as a disease, but they rely on folk remedy. Because fast and accurate diagnosis and treatment are the most important steps of rosacea treatment, people seeing red spots in the center of face with itching and dried sensation should visit a dermatologist for more details.” CEO Rene Wipperich of Galderma Korea explained, “We anticipate the campaign to better inform specialists and patients visiting dermatologists about rosacea and provide an opportunity to treat it from early stage.”
- Company
- Prompt review is urgent for COVID-19 treatment
- by Nho, Byung Chul Jun 12, 2020 06:11am
- It is noteworthy that industry consensus is demanding a fast track clinical trial approval process for autoimmune therapies that have been proven to be safe, as countries around the world are eager to develop vaccines and treatments related to the COVID-19 infection pandemic. The MFDS is also actively sympathizing with this situation, and is conducting consultations with individual pharmaceutical companies, but it is showing a difference of position in approving the clinical trial of the effect of COVID-19 on autoimmune treatment. Recently, autoimmune preparations, such as Sod. Cridanimod, have products that are effective in HIV, hepatitis B/C, viral encephalitis, and encephalomyelitis and are sold globally in Korea and abroad. This product has already entered clinical trial procedures related to the effect of COVID-19 in some countries, including Russia, but the MFDS is delaying the review on this grounds for 'no protocol and guidelines'. In response, the MFDS is requesting in vitro results on the growth and reproduction inhibition of COVID-19. The difference between the opinions of the health authorities and the industry is interpreted as a difference in understanding and perspective on the mechanism. In the case of other drugs, the focus of treatment and development is based on the mechanism of suppressing the growth and reproduction of viruses, but in the case of autoimmune drugs, it has the advantage of enhancing the safety while minimizing side effects by increasing the resistance to viruses through white blood cells in the human body. For example, Sod. Cridanimod, one of autoimmune therapy, has a clinical design that kills the virus by increasing leukocytes following stimulation of interferon alpha/beta. Despite the absence of COVID-19 clinical trial protocols and guidelines for autoimmune preparations, the basis for the need for a fast track is that there are two-sided results of 'positive and negative' of malaria, HIV, and Ebola virus treatments such as Hydroxychloroquine, Kaletra, and Remdesivir. Although Hydroxychloroquine had a prophylactic administration effect and reduced virus amount and extinction effect, it had a similar prognosis similar to the standard treatment group, and had side effects such as increased mortality and induction of neuralgia, mental illness, and hypoglycemia. Kaletra showed a decrease in the amount of detection of virus and improved symptoms of pneumonia, but did not express specific treatment efficacy, and had side effects such as hepatotoxicity, diabetes, and kidney disease. Remdesivir also gained indicators of increased production and improved mortality in North America, Europe, and Japan, but failed to obtain meaningful data, and caused side effects such as kidney damage, hypotension, and stomach paralysis. An industry official said, "Autoimmune preparations are a mechanism for activating a universal and innate endogenous interferon system. It is time to find various methods for the development of therapeutics in which no drug has proved the efficacy associated with COVID-19."
